In our study, a great number of immune factors were altered in IPF patients, including upregulation of CXCL5, CXCL13, CXCL14, IL5RA, and TNFRSF19 and downregulation of CSF3R, S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12. This evidence concerns the gene S100A8 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.