These can be classified as follows: tumor-intrinsic biomarkers (e.g., tumor mutational burden (TMB) or neoantigen load), which are indirect measures of tumor antigenicity generated by somatic tumor mutations, and immune-specific biomarkers (e.g., T cell-inflamed gene expression profiles (GEPs) or programmed-death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression), which are indicative of a T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) (6, 7). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.