As shown in Figure 1, in acute phase, the increase of IL-1 in the brain after stroke mediates the harmful the inflammatory process, including up-regulation of IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-9 and chemokines in astrocytes; inhibition of neurogenesis (9); increase of adhesion molecules and neutrophil infiltration, decrease of BBB integrity and blood flow by acting on endothelial cells, leading to worse outcomes. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and stroke disorder.