NEFL and Alzheimer disease: The final speaker, Dr. Shaw, summarized progress in blood biomarkers for AD, mainly focusing on targets whose studies are well underway (Aβ42/40, pTau181 and 217, neurofilament light chain [NfL]), with a brief mention of earlier-stage targets (alpha-synuclein, TDP-43, GFAP, NPTX2).