INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: As with healthy individuals, in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), regular physical activity offers numerous benefits, including improved blood glucose regulation (reduced HbA1c) (Boulé et al., 2001; Umpierre et al., 2011) increased insulin sensitivity (Winnick et al., 2008), improved clinical symptoms (Wojtaszewski and Richter, 2006) and the delay or prevention of developing cardiovascular disease (Balducci et al., 2012).