BAX and colitis: In the same year, a study by Liu et al. found that Iridoid Glycosides (80–240 mg/kg), a fraction of Folium syringae [Myrtaceae: Syringa vulgaris L.] leaves, ameliorated epithelial apoptosis in experimental colitis of rats by modulating the expressions of Fas, FasL, caspase-3, bax, and bcl-2 (Liu and Wang, 2011).