Variation-free genes in the panel included known pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes, such as CDKN2A, MLH1, MSH2, PRSS1, and STK11; candidate pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes, such as FANCG, FANCL, RECQL4, XRCC3, ERCC4, TERT, BRIP1, BAP1, BUB1, BUB3, and RNF43; and most of the pancreatitis-associated genes except SPINK1 and CFTR. This evidence concerns the gene ERCC4 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.