F. prausnitzii has anti-inflammatory properties, which has been confirmed in colitis animal model studies.25,26 In Zhou et al., experimental colitis models were used to show that butyrate produced by F. prausnitzii maintains Th17/Treg balance providing anti-inflammatory effects.27 Moreover, F. prausnitzii ameliorates colorectal colitis through inhibiting histone deacetylase 1.27 Interestingly, not only does F. prausnitzii synthesized butyrate have anti-inflammatory properties, but a 15 kDa protein also mediates this effect.28 This evidence concerns the gene HDAC1 and colitis.