Consistent with this hypothesis, recent studies using hydrodynamic transfection (56) have demonstrated that oncogenic forms of β-catenin cooperate with other proto-oncogenes such as c-Met (57–59), K-RasV12 (60), activated Akt (61), LKB1 (62), and Nrf2 (63) to induce HCC formation in mice (Table 1). Here, NFE2L2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.