DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) have been developed as oral antidiabetic agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as they prevent the degradation of incretins such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) [1].