SOD2 and diabetes mellitus: We then evaluated SOD2 activity, and the results showed that maternal diabetes (STZ/WT) significantly decreased SOD2 activity compared to the CTL/WT group (see Fig. 6f); we then evaluated 8-oxo-dG formation by immunostaining in IEC, and the results showed that maternal diabetes (STZ/WT) significantly increased 8-oxo-dG formation compared to the CTL/WT group (see Fig. 6g, h); again, RORA deficiency (RORA−/−) either mimicked or worsened these effects.