TNF and lung carcinoma: Thus, the increased expression of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β, observed here in the macrophage cells RAW264.7 or in the lung cancer cells H1299 (Figure 3), overexpressing AKR1B10 or being stressed by LPS (Figure 3C), confirms a critical role for this enzyme in mediating cytokine gene expression, which is in line with the current literature [18,19,20,21,22].