On the other hand, a recent study evaluating the peripheral and central immune cell profiles in ALS patients found that pro-inflammatory serum cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ were increased while the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased, highlighting a shift toward a pro-inflammatory microenvironment [108]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.