PPARGC1A and cancer: It has been found that exercise may reduce the risk of cancer through increasing global DNA methylation (DNMT1, DNMT2, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, DNMT3L) and influence the expression of genes related to muscle work, which includes PPARGC1A encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) [115].