Another study investigating whether curcumin alone or combined with cisplatin could activate the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathways associated with cell growth and proliferation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines and derived stems cell noted that curcumin alone repressed PTC cell survival in a dose-dependent manner and modulated the gene expression STAT-3 associated with cell growth. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is thyroid gland papillary carcinoma.