BMP2 and osteoporosis: Similarly, rs2288377, rs35767, and rs2229765 polymorphisms within Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) genes, which are critical regulators for bone cell function [169,170,171], and T116G and G287T polymorphisms in exon 2, and A224T in exon 3 of BMP-2 gene, have been strongly associated with osteoporosis [172].