Gastric tumor-derived TEX was internalized by macrophages and induced an M1 pro-inflammatory response in macrophages through the activation of NF-κB, which stimulated inflammatory cytokines including GCSF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, CCL2, and TNF-α and promoted tumor cell proliferation and migration [118]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.