Apart from our studies and findings, a prior comprehensive review indicated enhanced expression of Th1 phenotypic cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) [3,25,26], and high serum levels of IFN-γ inducible chemokines CXCL-9 and CXCL-10 [33] during the process of hepatitis flare [26]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL9 and hepatitis A virus infection.