Our in vitro finding that Hb-Hp2-2 complex uptake is able to create a long-lasting elevated release of proinflammatory cytokines is in line with the numerous clinical observations of Hp2-2 possessing a lesser antioxidative capacity than Hp1-1 [38,39], inducing a lesser anti-inflammatory response than Hp1-1 [64] and even being an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients [34,40]. This evidence concerns the gene ARL6IP5 and cardiovascular disorder.