As mentioned, in previous studies of bee venom in cell models which seem to lack the significance of BDNF/TrkB/CREB, such as studies on steatohepatitis [36], wound healing [37], and hepatitis [38], bee venom also showed a remarkable ability to upregulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and hepatitis A virus infection.