IL6 and atherosclerosis: In this regard, various studies have highlighted the role of inflammation in the process of atherosclerosis, where the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules (e.g., tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)) [7] leads to endothelial dysfunction, promotes the formation of atheromatous plaques, and increases the vulnerability to this condition.