Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the expression of exosomal miR-451a and let-7i-5p among persons with or without malaria, with one (HbAS and HbAC), two (HbSS, HbSC, and HbCC), or no copies (HbAA) of the Hb allele variant S or C. We hypothesized that miR-451a and let-7i-5p are differentially expressed in plasma exosomes isolated from individuals with different hemoglobin variants and may contribute to the pathogenesis of both SCD and malaria. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is malaria.