However, both RHO GTPase arms cross-talk with pro-survival/proliferation signalling, given that RHOA-ROCK were shown to cooperate with pro-survival mediators (such as STAT3 [89,90] and NF-κB [91] in melanoma cells) while RAC1 activated PI3K-AKT in breast cancer cells [92]. The gene discussed is RAC1; the disease is melanoma.