Applying Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to the differentially expressed genes, we found that multiple known ccRCC-activated pathways were enriched in 786-O-Ctrl cells, including hypoxia, glycolysis, mTORC1 signaling and E2F targets, whereas the pathways enriched in 786-O-VHL included interferon α response, KRAS signaling and apoptosis (Figure 2C, Supplementary Table S2, Supplementary Figure S1). This evidence concerns the gene VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.