Tax promotes NFκB-dependent transcriptional activity, a mechanism that accounts for the increased expression of several chemokines, including CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL22, CXCL8, and CXCL12 by ATLL cells [84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL1 and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.