PDK1 and prostate neoplasm: Combined with these results and another discovery that, in human prostate tumors, cytoplasm-localized PDK1 was correlated with early, low-risk tumors, whereas PDK1 nuclear localization was associated with high tumor staging, the presence of solid tumor formation in mice induced by cells with nuclear-localized PDK1 indicated that nuclear translocation of PDK1 mediated oncogenesis and tumor progression [31].