IGF1 and cancer: Hyperglycemia can: protect cancer cells from apoptosis; stimulate cell motility and invasiveness via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induction and ROS-mediated vascular destruction; regulate expression of proliferation-related genes, adhesion, and migration; stimulate expression of glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 in some cancers; and indirectly increase the levels of insulin/IGF-1 as well as inflammatory cytokines [80,81,82,83].