Specifically, the STAT1–STAT2 dimer (as well as the STAT1–STAT1 and STAT2–STAT2 dimers) induces the transcription of pro-inflammatory and immunoregulation genes in interferon-stimulated cells in response to virus and bacterial infections [149,150]; the STAT1–STAT3 dimer induces cytokine production and inflammation or blocks the STAT1–STAT1 activity. The gene discussed is STAT1; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.