When studying a large cohort of patient ccRCC samples (n = 355), immunohistochemical (IHC) staining localised AHNAK2 in the cytoplasm of cancer cells with a significant increase in expression in comparison to adjacent normal tissue; higher expression of AHNAK2 was associated with G3-G4 tumours (p = 0.013) and metastasis (p < 0.05) [52]. Here, AHNAK2 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.