The fact that AHNAK2 expression was HIF-1α-dependent rather than HIF-2α-dependent was explained by the link between HIF-1α and tumour metabolism (the Warburg effect), with glycolysis-related genes such as HK2, PGK1, CAIX, and LDHA being targets [52].EMT is also known to be a precursor to growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancers, particularly in the hypoxic environment of ccRCC [68,73,74]. Here, AHNAK2 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.