TIMP1 and alkaline phosphatase measurement: Additionally, TIMP-1 was found to differ significantly amongst the three groups (p = 0.01) (Table 3, Fig 2), with direct comparison of mild AP (16.8, 16.4–17.3) and SAP (17.5, 17.1–18.4) showing higher TIMP-1 in SAP (p = 0.02).