CAT and anemia (phenotype): That is, catalase, as one of the most important antioxidant enzymes, was reduced in patients with AMD in this research, a condition compatible with the literature whose CAT deficiency or malfunction is related to many degenerative diseases associated with age, such as diabetes mellitus, vitiligo, cardiovascular diseases, Wilson's disease, hypertension, anemia, some dermatological disorders, Alzheimer's disease, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia (58).