The presence of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations and especially FLT3-internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD) are associated with poor prognosis in AML and contribute to proliferation of the malignant clone (Chu et al., 2012; Mead et al., 2013). The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.