The activated TGF-β pathways may suppress immune function by preventing lymphocytes from entering the tumor parenchyma, while specific molecular inhibitors that target TGF-β can restore the antitumor immunity by remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment (Fabregat et al., 2014; David et al., 2016; Mariathasan et al., 2018; Panagi et al., 2020). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.