Based on these characteristics, OxPL plays a critical role in CAVD (Capoulade et al., 2018; Zheng et al., 2019) s a key factor for pathogenic effect of Lp(a) (Tsimikas et al., 2005; Tsimikas and Witztum, 2008; Capoulade et al., 2015a). Here, LPA is linked to congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation.