Proinflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α affect the development of neural circuits that are critical for regulation of behaviour, providing evidence that inflammation may also be a potential factor leading to increased risk of mood disorders (Rivera et al., 2015; Rasmussen et al., 2019). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is mood disorder.