ATG12 and gastric cancer: In another study, Wang et al. found that lncRNA non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) was highly expressed in OXA-resistant GC tissues, with its upregulation in the OXA-resistant GC cells promoting the autophagy flux by stabilizing the autophagy related gene 5 (ATG5)-ATG12 complex via sponging miR-433-3p, leading to the enhancement of CDDP resistance (76).