TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: It has been shown (57) that 90% of MSI CRC are attributed to abnormal TGF-β signaling pathway, so it can be speculated that TGF-βR II and ACVR mutations in the TGF-β pathway have a synergistic effect on MSI CRC, which further clarifies the mechanism of MSI colorectal carcinogenesis and adds more solution for challenges of the MSI CRC clinical therapeutic selection of drugs.