These patients all demonstrate upregulation of HNSCC-associated protein biomarkers (relative to the median expression levels of each protein): caveolin 1 24, EGFR 25, pY (1068) EGFR 25, pY(416)Src 26, cMet 25, and Snail 27 (Figure 2A). This evidence concerns the gene CAV1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.