There were no significant differences among the groups relative to the presence of CD3+ T-cells, CD56+CD3– natural killer (NK) cells, CD56+CD3+ NKT cells, and TCR-activated CD4+ T-cells (CD4+HLADR+CD38+) between B-cell depleted, B-cell recovered patients with AAV and normal controls. The gene discussed is NCAM1; the disease is anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.