Iron overload accelerates endothelial cell dysfunction through its pro-oxidation and pro-inflammatory effects, including increasing monocyte and endothelial cell adhesion and promoting the expression of inflammatory factors such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), monocytechemoattractantprotein-1 (MCP-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and Tangier disease.