BDNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To preliminary explore mechanism of NaB in diabetic brain injury, we determined level of BDNF in brain by ELISA and found its expression was significantly elevated by TFA treatment (Fig. 8E); moreover, levels of AGEs and IL-1β were strikingly reduced (p < 0.01, vs. T2DM) (Fig. 8F and G).