The increased transcription of ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) catalyzed by RNA polymerase is a common feature of human cancer, but it is still unclear whether it is necessary to induce malignant phenotype, it has been reported that inhibition of RNA polymerase can activate p53 in the treatment of tumor, small molecule drug cx-5461 (cx-5461 is an effective small molecule rRNA synthesis inhibitor) can target rDNA transcription, thus selectively killing B lymphoma cells in vivo, while maintaining the survival of wild-type B cell population. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and cancer.