A study by Jiang et al. revealed that when co-cultured with M2 macrophages, the expression levels of alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) and the toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 increased in ovarian cancer cells, and TLR4 upregulated ALKBH5 expression and increased Nanog expression via mRNA demethylation [20]. Here, ALKBH5 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.