This stress-adaptive mechanism is pro-tumorigenic, as Nrf2−/− mouse models of pancreatic cancer have fewer pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanINs), which are also less proliferative and have higher levels of senescence compared to Nrf2-expressing counterparts (Denicola et al., 2011). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.