To date, high levels of NLRP3 in the CSF have been reported in several neuroinflammatory diseases such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (Peng et al., 2019), autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy (Luo et al., 2019), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (Zhou and Xia, 2021), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (Peng et al., 2019), and are sometimes correlated with disease severity or prognosis. Here, NLRP3 is linked to neuromyelitis optica.