The aims of this study were to measure NLRP3 levels in the CSF from patients with CABM, viral meningitis (VM), and non-inflammatory neurological disease; to characterize the correlation between clinical outcomes and NLRP3 levels; and to determine whether NLRP3 levels from the CSF could be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for bacterial meningitis in clinical practice. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and viral meningitis.