Furthermore, numerous studies have shown that different lncRNAs (lncRNA COX-2, lncRNA TUC339, and lncRNA Ma301) induce M1 and M2 polarization in the tumor microenvironment through different action targets (E-cadherin, caprin-1) and pathways (Akt/Erk1pathway), decrease the levels of iNOS and TNF-α in M1 Mφs, and increase the levels of Arg-1 and Fizz-1 in M2 Mφs. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.