Among the inflammasomes, the NLRP3 inflammasome comprising of the NLRP3 subunit, ASC and caspase 1, is well established to be activated in response to microbial infection [18, 19], mechanical ventilation (MV, associated with ARDS management) [20] and to drive cell death [21, 22]. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.