PDCD1 and lung carcinoma: found higher expression of the immune checkpoint molecules CD-274 (PD-L1) and CTLA-4, and the T-cell depletion genes (TIGIT, LAG3, PDCD1, CXCL13, and Lyn) in the high-risk group of lung cancer, which may be more suitable for PD-L1 blocking or other checkpoint blocking immunotherapies (26).