Tumours with stromal CD8+ cell densities of equal to or more than 40 cells/mm2 in combination with intraepithelial CD8+ cell densities of less than 170 cells/mm2 were assigned to the “immune-excluded” group, indicating a phenotype characterized by stromal accumulations of cytotoxic T cells with a simultaneous lack of intraepithelial infiltration (Figure 3D). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.