Genistein 3 and 6 mg/kg significantly inhibited the diabetes-induced increase in proinflammatory cytokine level such as TNFα, IL1β and IL6 in sciatic nerve (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Also, genistein 3 mg/kg completely reverted the increase in reactive oxygen species level (p < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetes mellitus.